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ISO 26262 calibrateable Systems – Chance or Risk?

ISO 26262 calibrateable Systems are discussed in part 6 Annex C. This blog summarizes important requirements of the standard and shows practice-oriented challenges of software-configurable embedded systems.
The use of calibration data in configurable systems offers a lot of advantages. The functional behavior of the entire system can be adjusted by simple and rapid changes in the calibration data without having to change the source code itself. This enables the multiple re-use of source code. If it is well done, even the unit tests should be reusable, included the measurement of the structural Source Coverage. These are quite important advantages.
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FMEA – A powerful method, but not for software!

In the functional safety, there is a method which is always used – the FMEA (Failure Mode Effects Analysis).
In particular, on system and hardware level the FMEA supports systematic analysis. There are also variants such as the FMECA and the FMEDA. In this blog post I use only the term FMEA.
In project practice very often the question is raised, whether there is also a Software FMEA needed.
I will first explain the meaning and purpose of system and hardware FMEA in fulfilling the requirements of functional safety standards such as ISO 26262 or IEC 61508. Thereafter I will consider the possible needs to perform and Software FMEA. Read more

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Fault Injection Test in ISO 26262 – Do you really need it?

Fault Injection Test: The ISO 26262 defines the fault injection test as a test method for the system integration and unit test level (ISO 26262-4 [System] Tables 5, 8, 10, 13, 15, 18; ISO 26262-5 [Hardware] Table 11; ISO 26262-6 [software] tables 10, 13).
This method has certainly a large part in the implementation of a possible error-free and therefore safe system. My focus in this blog is on an efficient implementation of this test method in practice. I will compare practices in the aerospace with those in the automotive industry.
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Reuse Scenarios in ISO 26262 (part 2)

Reuse Secenarios in ISO 26262 part 1 demonstrated the diversity of reuse scenarios. Now I want to concentrate on concrete measures, which are used to make the reuse of software successfully. Read more

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Reuse scenarios in ISO 26262 (part 1)

Why is the reuse of software, hardware, or complete electronic control units a central theme? Two essential aspects are to be considered: the development costs can be reduced significantly, i.e. reuse of components is very attractive in economic terms.
But also for security reasons, the reuse of components can offer significant benefits. A control unit, which is used already for years in the field and shows no safety relevant failure can be used with significantly reduced risk in comparison to a new development.
To be able use these benefits really, you must be aware of the various reuse scenarios. In a second step, you must identify the features of the discussed reuse scenario and take appropriate action. Read more

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Functional Safety – What is it?

General

In the last 10 years, the term “Functional Safety” has found its way into many development departments. This goes along with the increasing popularity of electronic systems. For mechanical devices and systems, there are decades of experience, how to design and build it, so that there is no danger for the user and the environment because of the function of these systems and devices. For example, there are provisions, which mechanical protection devices must be installed, so that an operator of a saw can’t push his fingers into the blade.

The dangers that may result from the function of electronic systems are usually not immediately to see and recognize. Nevertheless, they are naturally present. Read more

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