The EN 50128 Functional Safety standard describes together with the EN 50126 and EN 50129 the functional safety in the railway industry. These standards implement the IEC61508 for this industry.
The peculiarity of the rail industry with regard to functional safety is that the systems are to be certified by an governmental authority (in Germany the federal railway authority), before they are allowed to be placed into a railway system. So, the manufacturer must provide proof of compliance with the functional safety standards already during the development of the product. In this point the aviation and rail industry are very similar.

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